Summary of #58 Gerald Pollack: “Electrical charge is absolutely central to all of weather"

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

Professor Gerald Pollack believes that understanding weather begins with understanding water. He describes his concept of "fourth phase" or easy water, which has a structure that resembles a battery with negative charges in the EZ and positive charges beyond it. He explains how this potential energy plays a crucial role in the water cycle, making it profoundly significant for weather. Pollack discusses how electrical charge is central to all weather phenomena, including the formation of clouds, precipitation, wind, and pressure. He provides evidence to confirm his theories and suggests that his explanations, based on laboratory principles and physics, can be found in his book 'Charge: The Unsuspected World of Electricity in the Workings of Nature'.

00:00:00 In this section, Professor Gerald Pollock discusses his deepening interest in water, and how it led him to become interested in the study of weather. He points out the various questions surrounding clouds and suggests that understanding weather begins with understanding water. Pollock introduces his book, "The Fourth Phase of Water", which has become popular among those studying this topic, and explains his concept of "fourth phase" water, where hydrophilic surfaces create a region of water, which Pollock calls "easy water".
00:05:00 In this section, Gerald Pollack explains the concept of fourth phase or easy water and its potential energy that is central to a lot of things, including weather. He describes how energy comes from infrared light, splits the bond of a water molecule into a positive and a negative component, and progressively builds the EZ water structure, which is like a battery with negative charges in the EZ and positive charges beyond it. The potential energy from the separation of charge in EZ water plays a crucial role in the water cycle, starting from the creation of water and ice, to evaporation and condensation, and precipitation, making it profoundly significant for weather.
00:10:00 In this section, scientist Gerald Pollack describes the concept of a fourth phase of water that exists between liquid water and ice, which he calls "easy water". This fourth phase of water has a hexagonal motif and is held together electrostatically. Pollack explains that, when protons are added to this easy water, the molecular structure shifts, creating ice. This process is important for weather, as the rush of protons toward high negativity constitutes the formation of ice. Pollack provides evidence confirming this proton rush, using a thermoelectric cooler and pH sensitive dye. Ultimately, Pollack's research sheds light on the importance of electrical charge in shaping weather patterns.
00:15:00 In this section, Professor Gerald Pollack talks about the melting of ice and the presence of easy water. He explains that when ice melts, it goes through easy water before becoming H2O, and the presence of easy water can be detected through the absorbance spectra at 270 nanometers. He also discusses the peculiarities of evaporation, which involves large clusters of water molecules that scatter light, and suggests that this is an unknown phenomenon among atmospheric scientists. Lastly, he shows cross-sectional views of evaporating water that came as a shock to him and could potentially be surprising to other people.
00:20:00 In this section, Gerald Pollack discusses the structure of water and how it relates to the formation of clouds. He shows a slice through a cloud and explains that the scattering is occurring in the white areas, while the dark areas don't scatter anything. He then shows a better view of warm water in a pan that illuminates the same cellular shape inside the water that is seen in the cloud. Pollack explains that the water contains a changed structure to it, and he shows how an infrared camera can distinguish between the dark and light regions by measuring the infrared energy being emitted. He discusses experiments on water and the formation of easy shells in droplets or bubbles that have a net negative charge and push out against a membrane of positive charges, explaining why droplets and bubbles are spherical.
00:25:00 In this section, Gerald Pollack discusses how negative entities, clusters, or blobs are possibly glued together by protons, holding them together despite having like charges which repel each other. The negatively charged structures, which extend down below the surface, are responsible, at least in part, for the mechanism of evaporation. While these structures cannot account for all of evaporation, they explain why the earth doesn't become increasingly positive over time due to the release of negative charges through evaporation. Positive charges must also emerge from the earth, and Pollack suggests that this occurs during evaporation as well.
00:30:00 In this section, Dr. Pollack explains the mechanics of how droplets rise as a result of protons pushing up on the surface and how they also contribute to the creation of clouds. When water vesicles with net negative charge evaporate into the atmosphere, they mix with hydronium ions that have positive charge. The negative and positive charges will come together and form clouds, even if the air is dry. Dr. Pollack suggests that the clouds stay suspended in the sky due to the electric field of the Earth, which was not widely known until a Russian colleague mentioned it to him.
00:35:00 In this section, Gerald Pollack discusses the electrical properties of the earth's surface and the atmosphere, and how they affect weather patterns. He explains that the earth is negatively charged, and this is critical for everything we think of, including atmospheric pressure and the suspension of negatively charged clouds in the sky. He also explains that charge forces are not puny, and gives an example of the weight needed to prevent a charge cluster from rising, highlighting the importance of understanding electrical charge in weather systems.
00:40:00 In this section, Gerald Pollack, a professor of bioengineering, explains how charge forces are much bigger than most of us imagine and can be used to explain many weather phenomena. Pollack uses the example of how 50,000 garbage trucks or the weight of the entire earth would be needed to counteract the upward repulsive force caused by one second's worth of electrons flowing through a filament in a light bulb. He also notes that precipitation is often explained in terms of pressure and temperature, but electrical charge is a central factor in all weather phenomena.
00:45:00 In this section, the principle of Faraday induction is discussed, which explains that a low enough charge can induce equal and opposite charges on the surface below. Positive charges from evaporation, when combined with humidity rising in warm areas, cause clouds to form with a net negative charge. When enough positive charge accumulates in the cloud, the induction effect begins to take hold and the whole cloud is attracted downward, causing precipitation. Rain droplets are actually pulled down by the charge gradient, not just dropped, and wind may also be explained by charge gradients rather than pressure gradients.
00:50:00 In this section, Gerald Pollack attributes the occurrence of wind to the presence of sunshine and its effect on creating evaporation, leading to a gradient of positive charges. A wind gust can be expected if there is some region on earth with released positive charges, but the next region is not, be it industrial or natural. Pollack suggests that high levels of positivity occur in the Southern Hemisphere due to the sun, and the Northern Hemisphere has high-level winds with lots of positive charges coming from the Southern Hemisphere, combining and producing moisture, hitting the Northwest relentlessly, resulting in the high amount of rainfall experienced there during Seattle's winter gloom. A cloud gets lower as soon as you have more positive charges entering the negatively charged cloud, and if you have more negative charges coming out, the cloud will get larger until you have precipitation.
00:55:00 In this section, Gerald Pollack explains how the electrical charge is crucial to the weather, and how the cloud gets more positivity to lower, inducing the opposite charge to pull the rain down with a velocity up to 10 times greater than the calculated speed. He suggests a mechanism for thinking of a weather system, which starts from the Eastern Atlantic, moving into an atmosphere of positive charge to compress these positive charges into a region causing rain and a compressed positively charged region. Pollack's explanations are all based on principles discovered in the laboratory and physics, which are discussed in his book, 'Charge: The Unsuspected World of Electricity in the Workings of Nature'.

01:00:00 - 01:10:00

In this video, Gerald Pollack talks about his research on Fourth Phase Water and the applications of it in various fields such as science, technology, health and even ice skating rinks. Though his findings have been accepted in the field of weather, some researchers in the field have rejected his research due to their own experiences. Pollack also emphasizes the dangers of hero worship in science and the need for questioning renowned figures in the field. Additionally, he challenges the widely-accepted model of the structure of an atom, pointing out fundamental flaws in it that have been ignored.